Aggregation and Particle Formation of tRNA by Dendrimers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Major attention has been focused on dendrimer-DNA complexes because of their applications in gene delivery systems. Dendrimers are also used to transport miRNA and siRNA in vitro. We examine the interaction of tRNA with several dendrimers of different compositions, mPEG-PAMAM (G3), mPEG-PAMAM (G4), and PAMAM (G4) under physiological conditions using constant tRNA concentration and various dendrimer contents. FTIR, UV-visible, and CD spectroscopic methods as well as atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to analyze the macromolecule binding mode, the binding constant, and the effects of dendrimer complexation on RNA stability, aggregation, particle formation, and conformation. Structural analysis showed that dendrimer-tRNA complexation occurred via RNA bases and the backbone phosphate group with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic contacts. The overall binding constants of K(mPEG-G3) = 7.6 (± 0.9) × 10(3) M(-1), K(mPEG-G4) = 1.5 (± 0.40) × 10(4) M(-1), and K(PAMAM-G4) = 5.3 (± 0.60) × 10(4) M(-1) show stronger polymer-RNA complexation by PAMAM-G4 than pegylated dendrimers. RNA remains in the A-family structure, whereas biopolymer aggregation and particle formation occurred at high polymer concentrations.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".