Constrained particle filtering methods for state estimation of nonlinear process
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Increasingly in practical applications, nonlinearity, non‐Gaussianity, and constraint must be considered to obtain good state estimation. A constrained particle filter (PF) approach for state estimation, which involves three alternative strategies to impose the constraints on the prior particles, posterior particles, and state estimation has been proposed. First, to impose constraints on prior particles, a constrained Gibbs sampling method with a constrained inverse transform sampling is proposed to restrict sampling within the constraint region under cases of both univariate and coupling constraints. Second, to ensure validity of posterior particles, resampling is confined to the valid prior particles and the violated ones are discarded, which results in a similar formulation as the existing acceptance/rejection constrained PF method in literature. Third, if the state estimation violates the constraint, different from the existing methods that either discard all violated particles or accept all of them by projecting them onto the constraint region, the proposed method makes a balance between the prior and the likelihood function by adjusting the weights of violated and valid particles, respectively. Compared with the existing methods, the proposed method provides better physical interpretation and involves no restrictive assumptions about the distributions. Simulation results demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J , 60: 2072–2082, 2014
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it