Electrical Stimulation induced White Adipocyte Lipolysis in Human
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Some hormones were shown to modify electrophysiological properties of the rat white adipocytes known to contain voltage dependent potassium (Kv) channels. Human white adipocytes were also shown to contain Kv channels in higher density. No relationship is made between, Kv channels, membrane potentials and fat cell lipolysis. The goal of the three studies presented was to investigate the effect of electrical stimulation on the activation of lipolysis in human white adipocytes. The two first studies (S1, S2) were conducted in vitro on isolated cells, and the last project (S3) is a case study done in vivo. For S1, subcutaneous adipose tissue was obtained from 10 female subjects (mean age of 38.7 ±9.1 years) undergoing abdominal adipose tissue reduction. For S2, six subjects (mean age of 37.2 ± 11.3 years) were recruited. All subjects fasted overnight before tissue removal. For both S1 and S2, the control conditions were a basal and a β-adrenergic stimulation (isoproterenol (ISO) 10-6M) of lipolysis. For S1 the three electro stimulation conditions were: monopolar square wave pulse alternating current for 30 min at intensities of 4, 8 and 20 mA. In S2, there were two electrostimulation conditions: bipolar square wave pulse alternating current for 30 min at intensities of 4 and 6 mA. For S3, a probe was implanted in the abdominal adipose tissue of a 45 year old woman for a microdialysis procedure. In turn, 6 and 7.6 mA biphasic stimulation were applied for 20 min separated by rest periods. Fat cell lipolysis was measured by quantifying the release of glycerol from adipocytes for three trials in each experimental condition. S1 RESULTS: 4 mA significantly increased lipolysis over basal values (p<0.01), 8 mAand20 mA did not increase lipolysis, and no significant difference between ISO and 4 mA. S2 RESUITS: 4 mA(p<0.05) and 6 mA (p<0.01) significantly increased lipolysis by 1.8 and 2.3 times basal respectively. S3 RESULTS: 6 mA stimulation increased lipolysis to 154% of basal level and 7.6 mA increased by only 108%. Our results demonstrate that both monopolar (4 mA) and bipolar (4 and 6 mA) stimulations significantly activated in vitro lipolysis. The 6 mA bipolar stimulation produced lipolysis above basal values. Our findings suggest the existence of a new lipolytique pathway, that may involve Kv channels shown to exist in human white adipocytes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".