Occurrence of antibiotic resistance in<i>Escherichia coli</i>from surface waters and fecal pollution sources near Hamilton, Ontario
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance was examined in 462 Escherichia coli isolates from surface waters and fecal pollution sources around Hamilton, Ontario. Escherichia coli were resistant to the highest concentrations of each of the 14 antibiotics studied, although the prevalence of high resistance was mostly low. Two of 12 E. coli isolates from sewage in a CSO tank had multiple resistance to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and tetracycline above their clinical breakpoints. Antibiotic resistance was less prevalent in E. coli from bird feces than from municipal wastewater sources. A discriminant function calculated from antibiotic resistance data provided an average rate of correct classification of 68% for discriminating E. coli from bird and wastewater fecal pollution sources. The preliminary microbial source tracking results suggest that, at times, bird feces might be a more prominent contributor of E. coli to Bayfront Park beach waters than municipal wastewater sources.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".