Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Microanalysis Using Submillijoule UV Laser Pulses
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a study of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) at low energies using KrF laser pulses of only 50–300 μJ. Very small focal spots with diameters of 5 to 20 μm are employed in order to achieve strong plasma emission. The focused intensities were in the range of 1.6 to 150 GW/cm 2 . The evolution of the micro-plasma progresses more rapidly in this energy range compared to conventional LIBS using mJ laser pulses. The optimum delay time for the detection of emission from minor constituent elements in aluminum is between 100 and 360 ns after the laser pulse hits the sample. The corresponding limits of detection are in the range of 2 to 450 ppm and are comparable to experiments that have used much higher laser energies. The amount of ablated material is significantly reduced using low laser energies and typical crater diameters are approximately 15–40 μm.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it