Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research Article| October 01, 2012 Rare Earth Mining and Exploration in North America Anthony N. Mariano; Anthony N. Mariano 148 Page Brook Road, Carlisle, MA 01741, USAE-mail: reomariano@aol.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Anthony Mariano, Jr. Anthony Mariano, Jr. 21134 North Road, Carlisle, MA 01741, USAE-mail: marianomineralex@aol.com Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Anthony N. Mariano 148 Page Brook Road, Carlisle, MA 01741, USAE-mail: reomariano@aol.com Anthony Mariano, Jr. 21134 North Road, Carlisle, MA 01741, USAE-mail: marianomineralex@aol.com Publisher: Mineralogical Society of America First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1811-5217 Print ISSN: 1811-5209 © 2012 by the Mineralogical Society of America Elements (2012) 8 (5): 369–376. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.8.5.369 Article history First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Anthony N. Mariano, Anthony Mariano; Rare Earth Mining and Exploration in North America. Elements 2012;; 8 (5): 369–376. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.8.5.369 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyElements Search Advanced Search Abstract The occurrences of rare earth elements (REEs) in North America are abundant and diverse in mineralogy and geology. The Mountain Pass carbonatite in California historically has been a major world source for the light REEs. Monazite sands have also been mined on a moderate level in the southeastern United States. Fluids released from the mining of uraninite at Elliot Lake, Ontario, were intermittently a source for yttrium. Peralkaline igneous rocks in several areas of North America are currently under exploration for the entire REE spectrum, with emphasis on the heavy REEs. Although many REE occurrences contain a substantial tonnage of REEs, amenability to mineral processing and extraction of the REEs must be definitively established in each case. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.046 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".