Morphological and quantitative frictional measurements of cotton fibres using friction force microscopy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Morphological and quantitative frictional measurements have been carried out on cotton fibres in dry air and in a liquid environment using friction force microscopy (FFM). Height and friction images acquired by FFM revealed that the cotton surface was damaged over 20 detergent-only wash cycle, but the inclusion of conditioner in the detergent formulation was found to cause a reduction in the amount of damage. The distribution of the fabric conditioner at the surface was examined by static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SSIMS). The friction–load relationship was found to obey Amontons' law in both dry air and water. The coefficient of friction increased with the number of wash cycles, and was reduced by treatment with fabric conditioner. Similar trends were observed in the variation in surface properties with wash treatment for measurements made in both air and liquid. To model the attachment of microencapsulate onto fibre surface, a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) encapsulate has been attached to the AFM cantilever to measure the frictional force. The same trend in the coefficient of friction was observed to that of measured by normal AFM cantilever.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".