Spectroscopic Characterization of Alumina-Supported Bis(allyl)iridium Complexes: Site-Isolation, Reactivity, and Decomposition Studies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The covalent attachment of tris(allyl)iridium to partially dehydroxylated gamma-alumina is found to proceed via surface hydroxyl group protonation of one allyl ligand to form an immobilized bis(allyl)iridium moiety, (=AlO)Ir(allyl)(2), as characterized by CP-MAS (13)C NMR, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and Ir L(3) edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) measurements taken on unsupported Ir(allyl)(3) and several associated tertiary phosphine addition complexes suggest that the eta(3)-allyl ligands generally account for an Ir-C coordination number of 2 rather than 3, with an average Ir-C distance of 2.16 A. Using this knowledge, combined EXAFS and X-ray absorption near-edge structure studies reveal that a small amount of Ir(0) is also formed upon reaction of Ir(allyl)(3) with the surface. It was found that the addition of either 2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide or carbon monoxide to the supported complex allows spectroscopic identification of the supported bis(allyl)iridium complexes, (=AlO)Ir(allyl)(2)(CNAr) [Ar = 2,6-(CH(3))(2)C(6)H(4)] and (=AlO)Ir(allyl)(2)(CO)(2), respectively. Although samples of the supported bis(allyl)iridium complex are active for the dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to benzene at temperatures between 180 and 220 degrees C, in situ temperature-programmed reaction XAFS and continuous-flow reactor studies suggest that Ir(0) nanoparticles, rather than a well-defined Ir(3+) complex, are responsible for the observed activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".