Roman Catholic Religious Discourse about Manhood in Quebec: From 1900 to the Quiet Revolution (1960–1980)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article examines discourse about men in popular Roman Catholic literature between 1900 and 1960 in Quebec. From 1940 to 1960, particular attention was paid to the spiritual life of men, whose attitude toward piety was that it was women's—not men's—business. Catholic Action movements offered alternate models and masculine rituals for Christian life. Like the 19th and early 20th century Christian men's movements in the United States, these strategies attempted to counteract the “lack of manhood” in the churches. French Canadian movements, however, tried to attract men to the church by extolling the virtues of humble obedience. Partly influenced by feminism in the ‘60s, different pastoral issues surfaced in relation to men, and the older movements declined. While men's movements previously had recourse to symbol and ritual, symbolic activity declined in favor of productive activities. This raises the issue of the place of symbolism in the construction of contemporary masculinities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.018 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".