Dynamics of Ethametsulfuron-Methyl Residue in Paddy Soils Revealed by HPLC-MS/MS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ethametsulfuron-methyl (ESM) was extensively applied for weed control in rape seed, which taking turns with rice. Such farming model was predominant in southern of China and Southeast Asia. However, ESM damages subsequent rotation with rice, and potentially pollutes the environment. Residue of ESM dynamics in paddy soil is still ambiguous. In this study, a modified high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the detection of traces of ESM residues in paddy soil was developed and validated. Dynamics of ESM residue was performed by laboratory mock and field trial. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of ESM in paddy soil were 1.10 × 10-6 ng and 1.27 × 10-3 ug·kg-1, respectively. At fortification levels of 0.2 and 2 mg·kg-1 in paddy soil samples, the recoveries ranged from 85.56% to 100.16% with relative standard deviations of 7.42-9.69% (n = 5). The dynamics of ESM in laboratory mock trial showed that the half-lives (t1/2) of ESM in paddy soil were over 100, 16.35 and 10.35 days at 6 oC, 25 oC and 35 oC, respectively. The t1/2 of ESM in the field trial was 34.66 days at recommended dose of 18 g active ingredient·ha-1. This work would contribute to safe utilization of ESM.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".