Human urotensin-II enhances plasma extravasation in specific vascular districts in Wistar rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plasma extravasation (PE) was measured in adult Wistar rats by injecting Evans blue dye (EB) (20 mg kg-1) intravenously in the absence or presence of human urotensin II (U-II) (0.1-10 nmol kg-1). A consistent increase of PE was observed in specific organs (e.g., aorta, from 28.1 +/- 2.4 to 74.6 +/- 3.6 micro g EB g-1 dry tissue; P < 0.001) after an administration of 4.0 nmol kg-1 (a preselected optimal dose) of U-II. The effects of U-II (4.0 nmol kg-1) were compared with those of endothelin-1 (ET-1) (1.0 nmol kg-1). In the thoracic aorta and pancreas, U-II was active, while ET-1 was not. The two agents were equivalent in the heart and kidney, whereas, in the duodenum, ET-1 was more active than U-II. Increases of plasma extravasation induced by U-II, but not by ET-1, were reduced after treatment with [Orn8]U-II (0.3 micromol kg-1). This latter antagonist did not show any significant residual agonistic activity in vivo in the rat. Other specific receptor antagonists for ET-1, such as BQ-123 (endothelin type A (ETA) receptor) and BQ-788 (endothelin type B (ETB) receptor), and for the platelet activating factor (PAF), such as BN50730, failed to modify the action of U-II. The present study is the first report describing the modulator roles of U-II on vascular permeability in specific organs. Moreover, the action of U-II appears specific, since it is independent of the ET-1 and PAF signalling pathways.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".