Model for phase transition based on statistical disassembly of nuclei at intermediate energies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Consider a model of particles (nucleons) that has a two-body interaction, which leads to bound composites with saturation properties. These properties are: all composites have the same density and the ground-state energies of composites with $k$ nucleons are given by $\ensuremath{-}kW+\ensuremath{\sigma}{k}^{2∕3}$, where $W$ and $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ are positive constants. $W$ represents a volume term and $\ensuremath{\sigma}$ a surface-tension term. These values are taken from nuclear physics. We show that in the large $N$ limit where $N$ is the number of particles, such an assembly in a large enclosure at finite temperature shows properties of liquid-gas phase transition. We do not use the two-body interaction but the gross properties of the composites only. We show that (a) the $p\text{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rho}$ isotherms show a region where pressure does not change as $\ensuremath{\rho}$ changes just as in the Maxwell construction of a Van der Waals gas, (b) in this region the chemical potential does not change, and (c) the model obeys the celebrated Clausius-Clapeyron relations. A scaling law for the yields of composites emerges. For a finite number of particles $N$ (up to some thousands) the problem can be easily solved on a computer. This allows us to study finite particle number effects, which modify phase-transition effects. The model is calculationally simple. Monte Carlo simulations are not needed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".