Dendroecology of American chestnut in a disjunct stand of oakchestnut forest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
American chestnut (Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.) was once an important hardwood species in the forests of eastern North America. Following the chestnut blight fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr) pandemic of the early 20th century, C. dentata remains only as sprouts throughout much of its range. We conducted a dendroecological analysis of a large naturalized stand of mature C. dentata to evaluate the species' growth capacity, ecology, and restoration potential. Eestablishment of C. dentata was sporadic in the first 40 years of our chronology, followed by a disturbance-associated recruitment pulse. The species appears to be tolerant of suppression in the understory, but responded to release with rapid radial growth (>10 mm·year1). Although its climategrowth relationships are similar to those of other hardwood species, mean radial growth of C. dentata was nearly twice that of other hardwood species found in the stand (4.7 ± 0.21 vs. 2.5 ± 0.16 mm·year1). Chestnut blight has recently infected this stand, resulting in a sharp depression in the growth chronology of C. dentata, even when outward signs of infection were not yet visible. Observed establishment and growth patterns suggest that blight-resistant C. dentata is likely to attain dominance rapidly in forests where restoration efforts include canopy manipulations that increase light availability.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".