Paclitaxel (Taxol) attenuates clinical disease in a spontaneously demyelinating transgenic mouse and induces remyelination
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Treatment with paclitaxel by four intraperitoneal injections (20 mg/kg) 1 week apart attenuated clinical signs in a spontaneously demyelinating model, if given with onset of clinical signs. If given at 2 months of age (1 month prior to clinical signs), disease was almost completely prevented The astrogliosis, prominent in our model, was reversed by paditaxel as determined by astrocyte counts and quantitation of GFAP. Electron microscopic examination of affected regions at 2.5 months demonstrated that the myelin was generally normal. By 4 months of age, demyelination was common in the superior cerebellar peduncle, maximal at 6 months, but continued to 8 months. In addition to myelin vacuolation and nude axons, the presence of many thin myelin sheaths suggested remyelination or partial demyelination. Although no evidence of oligodendrocyte loss was seen, nuclear changes were observed. To substantiate that remyelination was occurring, we measured MBP (18.5 kDa), MBP-exon II, Golli-MBP, TP8, Golli-MBP-J37, platelet-derived growth factor alpha (PDGFR alpha) and sonic hedgehog (SHH). Of these TP8, PDGFR alpha and SHH were up-regulated in the untreated transgenic. After paditaxel treatment, MBP-Exon II, TP8, PDGFR alpha and SHH were further up-regulated. We concluded that some of the effects of paditaxel were to stimulate proteins involved in early myelinating events possibly via a signal transduction mechanism.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".