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Record W2039989240 · doi:10.1159/000224651

Tumorigenesis by Cadmium

2009· article· en· W2039989240 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

VenueOncology · 2009
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicHeavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
Canadian institutionsDalhousie University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsConnective tissueSubcutaneous injectionNecrosisCarcinogenesisCadmiumPathologyChemistryDystrophic calcificationFibrosisCalcificationEndocrinologyInternal medicineMedicineCancer

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

A single dose of cadmium chloride (CdCl<sub>2</sub>) (0.02–0.03 mM/kg) given subcutaneously to mature male Wistar rats leads to rapid testicular necrosis and, subsequently, to the development of interstitial cell neoplasms. Testicular tissue containing these neoplasms transforms labeled progesterone in vitro to testosterone, but this transformation is less efficient than that by normal testicular tissue. The interstitial cell tumors develop slowly; the first indications of interstitial cell proliferation are noted 48 days after cadmium injection. Uptake studies with labeled isotopes (109Cd and 65Zn) indicate that Cd in the testes reaches a maximum within 6 h after subcutaneous injection, whereas 65Zn, in contrast, is deposited continuously for at least 20 days. Although the concentration of cadmium in the testes is markedly lower than in the liver, kidneys, or at the site of cadmium injection, tumorigenesis in the testes appears to be linked to the specific, acute toxic action of Cd++ on the testes, perhaps via the injury to the vessels, and the subsequent process of cell regeneration. Following a subcutaneous injection of CdCl<sub>2 </sub>it was rapidly absorbed, but at the site of injection (skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia and muscle) a higher concentration of Cd was retained than that found in other areas of connective tissues. In rats injected with 0.03 mM CdCl<sub>2</sub> subcutaneously the site of injection showed at later periods calcification, fibrosis, and in two instances, fibrosarcoma. The abnormal tissue reaction and tumorigenesis at the site of injection is attributed to Cd fixation to the traumatized connective tissue. Injections of CdCl<sub>2</sub> directly into the liver were also followed by testicular necrosis. So far no hepatic tumors following the injection have been encountered.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesInsufficient payload (model declined to judge)
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.635
Threshold uncertainty score0.999

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0030.002

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.007
GPT teacher head0.262
Teacher spread0.255 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it