Bibliographic record
Abstract
A single dose of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (0.02–0.03 mM/kg) given subcutaneously to mature male Wistar rats leads to rapid testicular necrosis and, subsequently, to the development of interstitial cell neoplasms. Testicular tissue containing these neoplasms transforms labeled progesterone in vitro to testosterone, but this transformation is less efficient than that by normal testicular tissue. The interstitial cell tumors develop slowly; the first indications of interstitial cell proliferation are noted 48 days after cadmium injection. Uptake studies with labeled isotopes (109Cd and 65Zn) indicate that Cd in the testes reaches a maximum within 6 h after subcutaneous injection, whereas 65Zn, in contrast, is deposited continuously for at least 20 days. Although the concentration of cadmium in the testes is markedly lower than in the liver, kidneys, or at the site of cadmium injection, tumorigenesis in the testes appears to be linked to the specific, acute toxic action of Cd++ on the testes, perhaps via the injury to the vessels, and the subsequent process of cell regeneration. Following a subcutaneous injection of CdCl2 it was rapidly absorbed, but at the site of injection (skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia and muscle) a higher concentration of Cd was retained than that found in other areas of connective tissues. In rats injected with 0.03 mM CdCl2 subcutaneously the site of injection showed at later periods calcification, fibrosis, and in two instances, fibrosarcoma. The abnormal tissue reaction and tumorigenesis at the site of injection is attributed to Cd fixation to the traumatized connective tissue. Injections of CdCl2 directly into the liver were also followed by testicular necrosis. So far no hepatic tumors following the injection have been encountered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".