Bibliographic record
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: A case of spondylolisthesis caused by osteoporosis is described. OBJECTIVES: To describe the different etiologies of spondylolisthesis, and to report a new cause of pathologic spondylolisthesis previously unreported in the literature. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The literature on the etiology of spondylolisthesis is reviewed. Pathologic spondylolisthesis has been described with structural abnormalities, such as Paget's disease and tumors, but not with osteoporosis. METHODS: A clinical and radiographic interpretation of the reported case is presented. RESULTS: De Novo development of a spondylolisthesis at L5-S1 occurred by gradual elongation of the pars interarticularis over a period of 3 years. CONCLUSION: The reported case adds to the literature on spondylolisthesis by describing another etiology for this conclusion. Osteoporotic spondylolisthesis may well be identified more frequently in the future given the high prevalence of osteoporosis in the elderly.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".