Cloning of porcine signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 cDNA and its expression in reproductive tissues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) protein is a member of the Stat family that has a variety of biological functions including cell growth, anti-apoptosis, and cell motility, depending on the cell type and stimulus. Recent studies have suggested that Stat3 plays an important role in embryo development. Although the Stat3 gene has been cloned in humans, mice, cow, and rats, its sequence in pigs is unknown. In the present study, the 2476 bp Stat3 cDNA was cloned using real time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. Comparison of sequences across species revealed that the porcine Stat3 cDNA is 93 and 90% homologous to human and mouse respectively. To study the expression pattern of Stat3, RNA and protein were isolated from heart, lung, kidney, ovary, oviduct, and uterus tissues. RT-PCR and western blot indicated that Stat3 is expressed in all the tissues tested, and the level of expression is relatively high in tissues from the reproductive system. In addition, immunohistochemistry studies suggested that the Stat3 protein was present in the oocyte, granulosa, theca, and interstitial cells of the ovary, the mucosal folds in the oviduct, and both the epithelium and stromal layers in the endometrium. To study whether Stat3 is functional in responding to growth factor stimulation in the ovary, granulosa cells were isolated from large follicles (>3 mm) and cultured in the presence of epidermal growth factor (EGF; 10 ng/ml) for 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 min, following which western blots were performed using an antibody against the phosphorylated Stat3. Phosphorylated Stat3 was upregulated following 5 min of EGF challenge and was sustained during the 15-min stimulation, and decreased back to the control level following 60-min stimulation. The translocation of phosphorylated Stat3 from cytoplasm to nucleus following stimulation of EGF was also detected via immunocytochemistry. Our data suggests that Stat3 may play a role in porcine ovarian function.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".