Cold temperature exposure at 10°C for 10 and 20 nights does not reduce tissue viability in vegetative and early flowering cotton plants
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Australia, temperatures below 11°C (called cold shocks) were believed to retard cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growth, development and yield. Recent studies, however, have suggested that temperatures lower than this did not impede cotton development beyond normal developmental responses to cool temperatures. This paper aims to test the hypothesis that cold exposure to 10°C for 10 and 20 nights does not reduce tissue viability in vegetative and early flowering cotton plants. Cold temperatures at 10°C for 10 and 20 consecutive nights were imposed on cotton plants, grown in both controlled temperature glasshouses and outdoors, at the vegetative seedling and early flowering stages. Extreme temperature tests at 2, 5 and 7°C for two nights were also imposed to generate tissue damage for comparison. 2,3,5-Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) tissue viability (testing for mitochondrial activity), relative electrical conductivity (REC, testing for membrane integrity), leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf photosynthesis, plant dry weight and yield were measured. Only exposure at 2°C for two nights showed negative effects in the TTC and REC tests, and leaves of these plants died soon after exposure. There were no consistent negative effects in the TTC and REC tests for all treatments at 10°C for 10 and 20 nights compared with the respective controls, suggesting that there was no structural or functional damage to leaves. In support of these findings, leaf photosynthesis and both light- and dark-adapted chlorophyll fluorescence for the 20 nights at 10°C treatment were occasionally below the controls but recovered quickly, suggesting that only temporary dynamic photoinhibition occurred. Cotton plant development was delayed following 10 and 20 nights at 10°C owing to reduced degree day accumulation. These data support previous work that cold temperatures at 10°C for up to 20 nights would be unlikely to result in yield reduction as a consequence of plant damage, and also that crop development can be estimated with degree days without an adjustment for cold shock. The use of TTC and REC has potential for novel detection of tissue damage for cotton at extreme temperatures.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it