Acoustic studies of submarine gas hydrates on the Cascadia Margin.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Submarine gas hydrates were detected over large areas in the Cascadia margin off the west coast of British Columbia by the presence of bottom simulating reflectors in seismic surveys. Initial estimates of gas quantity based on these data and results from an ocean drilling program leg were highly optimistic, and subsequently many different experiments were carried out to quantify the estimates. This paper presents results from an air gun survey with ocean bottom seismometers deployed around a hydrated cold vent to determine the hydrate concentration in the vicinity of the vent. Reflection travel time data from the survey were used in a linearized inversion to determine the velocity structure within the hydrate stability zone. Reflection amplitude data were analyzed to generate maps of the reflectivity at the sea floor and at the base of the stability zone. The travel time inversion revealed that the sediment velocities were very low, indicating low concentration of hydrate (less than 2% of sediment volume) in the stability zone. The sea floor reflection amplitude data provided a map showing an elliptical extent of the sea floor vent. Inversion of amplitude data from the BSR indicated a small decrease in velocity, less than 7%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".