Characterisation of welded joints produced by FSW in AA 1100–B<sub>4</sub>C metal matrix composites
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The feasibility of friction stir welding for joining AA 1100 based metal matrix composites reinforced with B 4 C particulate is studied for 16 and 30%B 4 C volume concentrations. For both composites, friction stir welding has a significant influence on the particle size distribution and the matrix grain size. For the 16% composite, the average particle size decreases after welding by ∼20% and the grain size from 15 to 5 μm as measured in the weld nugget. Tensile testing of welded joints showed up to 100% joint efficiency for both annealed AA 1100–16%B 4 C and AA 1100–30%B 4 C composite materials. However, if the ultimate tensile strength values of all the studied composites are similar at ∼130 MPa, then the weld ductility is higher for the annealed materials. Furthermore, it was observed that varying the welding speed between 100 and 275 mm min −1 does not influence the tensile properties and the particle size distribution in the nugget.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it