23‐GHz low‐noise amplifier using parallel feedback in 0.18‐μm CMOS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A three‐stage low‐noise amplifier (LNA) fabricated in a standard 0.18‐μm CMOS process ( f T = 45 GHz) with a maximum gain of 18 dB at 23.2 GHz and a 5.8‐dB noise figure is presented. Parallel feedback between the gate and drain is used in all three stages. This configuration also provides much better linearity than other LNAs presented by resonating out the effect of C gd . The amplifier has an output‐referred 3 rd ‐order intercept of 10 dBm, and a 3‐dB bandwidth of approximately 1 GHz. This paper demonstrates that parallel feedback is a viable technique for the design of 20+‐GHz CMOS LNAs. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 45: 309–312, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.20806
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".