Generic image similarity based on Kolmogorov complexity
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Image similarity measurement is a fundamental and common issue in a broad range of problems in image processing, compression, communication, recognition and retrieval. Existing image similarity measures are limited to restricted application environments. The theory of Kolmogorov complexity and the related normalized information distance (NID) measure provide an attractive theoretic framework for generic image similarity that is applicable to any scenario. While this is appealing, the difficulty lies in the implementation due to the non-computable nature of Kolmogorov complexity. In this paper, we propose a practical framework to approximate NID, where the key is to find the shortest program within a set of potential transformations that convert one image to another and vice versa. As one of the initial attempts in this new and promising research direction, our preliminary experimental work demonstrates the wider applicability of the proposed approach than existing methods.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it