Application of a VSM-Based Process Control to a Bench-Scale Anaerobic Digestor
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A variable structure model (VSM) was used for online control of a bench-scale anaerobic digestor. The VSM consisted of three submodels, which described the methanogenic, organic overload, and acidogenic states of the digestion process. Submodel activation was handled by a knowledge-based system, which used online measurements of the digestor pH and biogas composition to identify the process state and thereby select an appropriate leading submodel. Separate controllers were designed for each submodel, but only the controller corresponding to the leading submodel was applied at each instant. Experimental validation of the VSM-based feedback process control in a 5-L anaerobic digestor showed a stable process performance under various operating conditions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it