The Werner Lake Co-Cu-Au Deposit of the English RiverSubprovince, Ontario, Canada: Evidence for an Exhalative Origin and Effectsof Granulite Facies Metamorphism
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research Article| December 01, 2000 The Werner Lake Co-Cu-Au Deposit of the English River Subprovince, Ontario, Canada: Evidence for an Exhalative Origin and Effects of Granulite Facies Metamorphism Yuanming Pan; Yuanming Pan Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 5E2 †Corresponding author: e-mail, yuanming.pan@usask.ca Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Craig Therens Craig Therens Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 5E2 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Yuanming Pan Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 5E2 Craig Therens Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 5E2 †Corresponding author: e-mail, yuanming.pan@usask.ca Publisher: Society of Economic Geologists Received: 08 Mar 2000 Accepted: 22 Jun 2000 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1554-0774 Print ISSN: 0361-0128 Economic Geology Economic Geology (2000) 95 (8): 1635–1656. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.95.8.1635 Article history Received: 08 Mar 2000 Accepted: 22 Jun 2000 First Online: 02 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation Yuanming Pan, Craig Therens; The Werner Lake Co-Cu-Au Deposit of the English River Subprovince, Ontario, Canada: Evidence for an Exhalative Origin and Effects of Granulite Facies Metamorphism. Economic Geology 2000;; 95 (8): 1635–1656. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.95.8.1635 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyEconomic Geology Search Advanced Search Abstract The Werner Lake Co-Cu-Au deposit is confined to a mixed unit of orthopyroxene- bearing amphibolites, ultramafic rocks, garnetiferous biotite schists, calc-silicate rocks, and garnet-rich quartzites. Mineralization includes disseminated sulfides in the garnetiferous biotite schists and semimassive-massive cobaltite-rich orebodies. Field relationships and geochemical data suggest that the garnetiferous biotite schists were most likely derived from amphibolites, whereas the calc-silicate rocks and garnet-rich quartzites probably represent metamorphosed exhalites. Mass changes for the formation of the garnetiferous biotite schists include gains in Fe, Mn, and K but loses in Ca and Na. The garnetiferous biotite schists are also characterized by depletion in whole-rock δ18O values (4–6.5‰ V-SMOW) relative to the associated amphibolites (6.8–8.3‰) and ultramafic rocks (5.6–6.6‰), which is interpreted as an indication of high- temperature interactions with seawater. Near zero d34S values of cobaltite and sulfides indicate a juvenile source for S. These data and similarities to strata-bound Co-Cu and Cu-Co deposits suggest that the Werner Lake deposit most likely formed from syngenetic exhalative processes.The granulite facies metamorphism (680°–780°C, 4.5–6.6 kbars, and aH2O of 0.12–0.25) at the Werner Lake deposit was accompanied by penetrative deformation and was followed by retrogression and late hydrothermal alteration. However, high-grade metamorphism and deformation did not obliterate the primary metal and alteration zonation in the Werner Lake deposit. We attribute this preservation of primary features to the dry character of the granulite facies metamorphism. This is supported by the preservation of contrasting oxygen isotope signatures in the ores and associated lithologies. Localized, solid-state remobilization of cobaltite-rich ores is indicated by the presence of durchbewegung textures, the alignment of cobaltite porphyroblasts parallel to the S2 foliation and thickening of cobaltite-rich orebodies close to F2 fold hinges. Chalcopyrite-rich veins with biotite-rich selvages suggest a local, fluid- facilitated remobilization during retrogression. Granulite facies metamorphism, deformation, and subsequent retrogression might have locally upgraded the cobaltite-rich ores. Late hydrothermal alteration did not significantly affect the Co mineralization in the Werner Lake deposit. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".