Hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction in fluid-resuscitated porcine septic shock
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sepsis-induced multiple organ failure may crucially depend on the development of mitochondrial dysfunction and consequent cellular energetic failure. We investigated whether hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction was present in a clinically relevant porcine model of fluid-resuscitated septic shock. Anesthetized and ventilated pigs (40 ± 3 kg) were randomly assigned to septic shock by fecal peritonitis (F, n = 3) or control (C, n = 3) after placement of portal/hepatic vein catheters and portal vein and hepatic artery flow probes. F and C received 8 ± 13 ml/kg/hour and 5 ± 7 ml/kg/hour ringer lactate + starch, respectively. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), total liver flow (TLF), hepatic O 2 delivery (DO 2,h ) and hepatic O 2 consumption (VO 2,h ) were recorded at baseline (BL), 12 and 24 hours (ml/kg/min). Activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes (complex I–IV) were assessed by spectrophotometry in snap-frozen liver samples. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. Hyperdynamic circulation developed in F with increasing DO 2,h and decreasing VO 2,h (Table 1 ). Complex II activity significantly decreased from 19.3 ± 4.2 to 9.5 ± 2.6 ( P < 0.05 vs BL and between groups) in F compared with C. Complex I–III–IV function decreased in parallel in F. While increasing DO 2,h far exceeded decreasing VO 2,h in the setting of hyperdynamic fluid-resuscitated septic shock, hepatic mitochondrial function was significantly impaired compared with control.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".