Density fluctuations and shear viscosity of molecular liquids: Carbon dioxide and nitrogen
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An expression for the shear viscosity of molecular liquids is derived from the statistical expression for the stress tensor by taking into consideration density fluctuations over the intermolecular force range. The viscosity formula consists of a low density term given in terms of the Chapman–Enskog viscosity and a density dependent term reminiscent of the Stokes–Einstein relation between the viscosity and the self-diffusion coefficient. According to this formula, the shear viscosity of molecular liquids can be calculated in terms of intermolecular site–site forces, the corresponding pair correlation functions, and the self-diffusion coefficient as well as the Chapman–Enskog viscosity at low density. By treating the viscosity expression as a semiempirical formula where the experimental and numerically simulated self-diffusion coefficients available in the literature are used, the shear viscosities of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, both of which are treated as a rigid linear rotator with two sites, are calculated and compared with experiment. Agreement between theory and experiment is found very good qualitatively and quantitatively.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".