Climate Change in Coastal British Columbia — A Paleoenvironmental Perspective
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A comprehensive review of paleoenvironmental data provides the basis for evaluating natural climate variability in southwestern British Columbia. Key indicators of past changes include paleolimnological, paleobotanical, glaciological and dendroclimatological evidence. Lacustrine sediments record the rapid transition from a glacial to an interglacial climate 12,500 to 9000 14C yr BP. Peak summer temperatures (about 3 °C warmer than present) and minimum precipitation were recorded ca. 9000 to 7000 14C yr BP, but were likely accompanied by winter temperatures colder than today. Mid-Holocene cooling appears to have occurred sooner on the coast of British Columbia (~ 5000 14C yr BP) than in the southern interior where summer temperatures gradually declined ca. 7000 to 3000 14C yr BP, as wetter conditions and a stronger Aleutian low developed. Many glacial advances have been recorded in the past 3500 years, with most glacial maxima dating to the mid 19th century. A general glacial retreat has accompanied recent warming.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".