Liquid flow in impeller region of an unbaffled agitated vessel with an angularly oscillating impeller
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The characteristics of a liquid flow were studied in the impeller region of an unbaffled agitated vessel with an angularly oscillating impeller whose unsteady rotation proceeds while periodically reversing its direction at a set angle. The measurement of the velocity of the liquid flow was performed by particle tracking velocimetry (PTV), abreast of that of the torque of the shaft to which the impeller was attached. When a disk turbine impeller with six flat blades was used with variations in operating conditions, such as the frequency and amplitude of impeller angular oscillation, a series of images obtained during one oscillation cycle were analyzed to characterize the internal and discharge streams inside and outside the impeller rotational region. Energy data were inferred on the basis of the circumferential and radial velocities of an internal flow. Results showed that although the total head provided to the liquid by the impeller blades is almost similar, independent of the amplitude of impeller angular oscillation, namely, the acceleration of its movement, the transformation of energy from the pressure head to the velocity head is more efficient at a larger amplitude. In addition, the discharge flow was characterized in terms of volumetric flow rates calculated from the radial and axial velocities. The operation at a smaller amplitude was shown to transform the flow more successfully from the radial direction to the upward and downward axial directions near the vessel wall.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".