Computation of Contact Lines on Randomly Heterogeneous Surfaces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Liquid wetting on real solid surfaces is significantly more complex than it is on the idealized surfaces of Young's equation. In the case of chemically heterogeneous solid surfaces, simulations of wetting have been carried out only for regularly patterned or one-dimensional surfaces. We describe a computational method for calculating advancing and receding contact lines on two-dimensional solid surfaces with arbitrary patterns of chemical heterogeneity. Results are verified against analytical solutions for homogeneous, single-defect, and striped surfaces. More practical surfaces with randomly placed high energy defects are also modeled. Realistic scatter in the contact angles as well as contact angle hysteresis and stick-slip motion are observed in the simulations. Hysteresis increases with the density of defects, but less so at high densities. The method allows prediction of wetting behavior from surface chemistry for a wide range of heterogeneous surfaces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".