Tetanus Immunity in Neonates in a Developed Country
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In consideration of comprehensive and well-established vaccination programmes in industrialized countries, it is expected that immunity against tetanus among expectant mothers and their offspring is complete. Our study evaluated seroprotection against tetanus among newborns in Austria, who may gain passive immunity by transplacental transfer of maternal tetanus antibody. METHODS: Cord blood samples from 99 deliveries were analyzed for antibody concentration against tetanus toxoid by standardized ELISA. RESULTS: 85/99 (85.8%) individuals presented with levels of tetanus immunity having a protective antibody concentration ≥0.1 IU/ml. 9/99 (9.1%) samples showed low seropositivity, while in 5/99 (5.1%) samples no tetanus antibodies could be detected. The median antibody concentration was 0.95 IU/ml. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide evidence for a lack of adequate tetanus immunity in 14.2% of newborns delivered in an Austrian University Hospital. This investigation is emphasizing the importance of stringent regimens concerning prenatal vaccination care, even in countries with generalized immunization programs. If indicated, maternal immunization during pregnancy should be initiated for protection of newborns.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".