La main-d’oeuvre en milieu urbain au Bas-Canada : conditions et relations de travail
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Selon un ancien spécialiste de l’histoire du travail au Canada, Clare Pentland, le système des relations paternalistes (« personal ») est remplacé vers le milieu du 19e siècle par celui du capitalisme. Notre analyse des contrats d’engagement et des articles de journaux indique que beaucoup de caractéristiques du capitalisme industriel précèdent de près d’un demi-siècle la vaste mécanisation des années 1850-1870. Certaines méthodes de capitalisme industriel sont surtout appliqués dans les centres urbains, mais nous les observons également dans les scieries et les distilleries situées à la campagne. Ainsi, les concepts de paternalisme et de pré-industrialisation ne devraient pas être utilisés dans la description des conditions et des relations de travail coloniales qu’avec beaucoup de circonspection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".