Spectroscopic Studies of OCS-Doped <sup>4</sup>He Clusters with 9−72 Helium Atoms: Observation of Broad Oscillations in the Rotational Moment of Inertia
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
High-resolution spectra of HeN-OCS clusters with N up to 39 in the microwave region and up to 72 in the infrared region were observed with apparatus-limited line widths of about 15 kHz and 0.001 cm(-1), respectively. The cold (approximately 0.2 K) clusters were produced in pulsed supersonic jet expansions of very dilute OCS + He mixtures and probed using a microwave Fourier transform spectrometer or a tunable infrared diode laser spectrometer. Consistent analyses of the microwave and infrared data yield band origins for the carbonyl stretching vibration, together with rotational parameters for the ground and excited vibrational states. The rotational constant, B, passes through a minimum at N = 9 and then rises as the He atoms uncouple from the OCS rotational motion as a result of superfluid effects. There are broad unexpected oscillations in B, with maxima at N = 24 and 47 and minima at N = 36 and 62. The change in B upon vibrational excitation, which is negative for the OCS molecule, converges to positive values for N > 15. These results help to bridge the gap between individual molecules and bulk matter with atom-by-atom resolution over a significant range of cluster sizes.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it