ESR and uranium series dating of teeth from the lower Paleolithic site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel: Confirmation of paleomagnetic age indications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Electron spin resonance (ESR) dating of tooth enamel and U‐series dating of adjacent dentine was carried out on samples obtained from Layers II‐6 and II‐7 from the lower Paleolithic site of Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel. The combined ESR/U‐series age estimate of these layers was found to be 652 ± 29 ka. The samples were collected about 2–4.5 m above the Brunhes‐Matuyama (B/M) chron boundary at the site. Goren‐Inbar et al. [(2000). Pleistocene milestones on the Out of Africa corridor at Gesher Benot Ya'aqov, Israel. Science, 289, 944–947] suggested that the entire sequence formed between 800 and 700 ka. Using their assumed accumulation rate ( compacted sediment) of 0.43 m ka − 1, our samples would have been deposited 775–765 ka. Minimum accumulation rates found in the literature for similar environments suggest the extrapolated age could be as young as 765–750 ka. While our dates lie outside this range, they confirm the assignment of the paleomagnetic transition as the B/M boundary. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".