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Record W2043942433 · doi:10.1051/fruits/2013071

Effect of calcium and nitrogen fertilization on bacterial canker susceptibility in stone fruits

2013· article· en· W2043942433 on OpenAlexaff
Tiesen Cao, R. Duncan, Bruce C. Kirkpatrick, Kenneth A. Shackel, Theodore M. DeJong

Bibliographic record

VenueFruits · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldAgricultural and Biological Sciences
TopicPlant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
Canadian institutionsUniversity of Alberta
Fundersnot available
KeywordsCankerCalciumHuman fertilizationNitrogen fertilizerBiologyNitrogenAgronomyHorticultureBotanyChemistryFertilizer

Abstract

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Effect of calcium and nitrogen fertilization on bacterial canker susceptibility in stone fruits. Abstract -Introduction.Bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae, is a destructive disease where stone fruit trees are cultivated.The efficacy of nitrogen and calcium fertilization on bacterial canker susceptibility was evaluated in stone fruits.Materials and methods.Field experiments were conducted to study the efficacy of foliar applications of calcium nitrate, and ground fertilization with CAN-17 plus low-biuret urea foliar spray on bacterial susceptibility in 'Riegel' peach, 'French' prune and 'Nonpareil' almond growing in ring nematode-infested and nematicide-fumigated soils.Host susceptibility was evaluated by measuring the length of lesions developed following inoculation with P. syringae pv.syringae.Results and discussion.Foliar applications of Ca(NO 3 ) 2 significantly increased leaf nitrogen and bark calcium concentrations in peach trees growing in both fumigated and nonfumigated areas.Peach trees growing in nonfumigated areas developed significantly longer lesions than trees growing in fumigated areas.However, Ca(NO 3 ) 2 foliar applications had no effect in decreasing peach susceptibility to bacterial infection in both nonfumigated and fumigated areas.After inoculation, diseased prune trees developed significantly longer lesions than healthy trees.Leaf and bark calcium concentrations of diseased prune were significantly increased after Ca(NO 3 ) 2 foliar sprays, but again the treatments did not significantly affect prune susceptibility to bacterial infection.However, nitrogen fertilization with CAN-17 and urea significantly increased the bark nitrogen concentration of almond trees, and these trees had significantly smaller lesions than those not receiving nitrogen fertilization.Foliar application of calcium (Nutri-Cal) did not affect almond susceptibility to bacterial canker.Collectively, these data support the previous hypothesis that increased susceptibility of stone fruits to P. syringae pv.syringae under nematode infestation conditions is mediated by both nitrogen effects and nitrogenindependent effects, and application of ammonium nitrogen may have some beneficial effects in reducing stone fruit susceptibility to bacterial canker where ring nematode infestation prevails. USA / Prunus persica / Prunus avium / Prunus domestica / plant diseases / Pseudomonas syringae / plant nematodes / Mesocriconema xenoplax / cultivationEffet de la fertilisation calcique et azotée sur la sensibilité au chancre bactérien des arbres fruitiers à noyau. Résumé -Introduction.Le chancre bactérien, causé par Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae, est une maladie destructrice dans les zones où les fruitiers à noyau sont cultivés.L'efficacité de la fertilisation calcique et azotée sur la sensibilité au chancre bactérien a été évaluée pour ces arbres. Matériel et méthodes.Des expériences de terrain ont été réalisées pour étudier l'efficacité d'applications foliaires de nitrate de calcium et de la fertilisation du sol par CAN-17, ainsi que de pulvérisations foliaires d'urée à basse teneur en biuret sur la sensibilité bactérienne du pêcher 'Riegel', du prunier 'français' et de l'amandier 'Nonpareil' développés sur sols infestés de nématodes en anneau ou fumigés par un nématicide.La sensibilité de l'hôte au chancre bactérien a été évaluée par la longueur des lésions développées après inoculation artificielle par la bactérie.Résultats et discussion.Les applications foliaires de Ca(NO 3 ) 2 ont augmenté significativement les teneurs en calcium des feuilles et en azote de l'écorce pour les pêchers développés soit en zones fumigées, soit en zones non fumigées.Les pêchers en zones non fumigées ont développé des lésions significativement plus longues que les arbres en zones fumigées.Mais les applications foliaires de Ca(NO 3 ) 2 n'ont pas permis de réduire la sensibilité de l'hôte à l'infection bactérienne pour les pêchers développés sur sols traités ou non traités par fumigation.Après inoculation, les pruniers malades ont développé des lésions significativement plus longues que les pruniers sains.Les concentrations en calcium des feuilles et de l'écorce de pruniers malades ont été significativement augmentées après traitement au Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , mais là encore les traitements n'ont pas eu d'effet significatif sur la sensibilité à l'infection bactérienne du prunier.Cependant, la fertilisation azotée avec CAN-17 et l'urée a significativement augmenté la concentration en azote de l'écorce des amandiers ; ces arbres ont eu des lésions nettement plus petites que ceux ne recevant pas de fertilisation azotée.L'application foliaire de calcium (Nutri-Cal) n'a pas eu d'effet significatif sur la sensibilité des amandiers au chancre bactérien.Globalement, une plus forte sensibilité à P. syringae pv.syringae des fruitiers à noyaux en conditions d'infestation de nématodes serait attribuable à la fois à des effets de l'azote et à des effets indépendants de l'azote, et l'application d'azote ammoniacal pourrait être bénéfique pour réduire la sensibilité de ces fruitiers au chancre bactérien là où les infestations par des nématodes en anneau prévallent. États-Unis / Prunus persica / Prunus avium / Prunus domestica / maladie des plantes / Pseudomonas syringae / nématode des plantes / Mesocriconema xenoplax / pratique culturale

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame machine prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: Bench or experimental
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.013

Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.001
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0010.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0020.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.016
GPT teacher head0.230
Teacher spread0.214 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designBench or experimental
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

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Citations6
Published2013
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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