Thyroid Autoimmunity and Function in Type 1 Diabetic Children and Adolescents in Armenia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The literature and research clearly supports an increased incidence of autoimmune thyroid disorders (mostly autoimmune thyroiditis) in type 1 diabetics as well as increased incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in autoimmune thyroid disease. The objective of current epidemiological screening study is to investigate thyroid autoimmunity and function in a large cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 DM in Armenia. Moreover, this screening study is done to determine the incidence of thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroidism (including sub clinical hypothyroidism) and to give its structural analysis. The findings of current study illustrate 30.5% of hypothyroidism, including subclinical hypothyroidism, in type 1 diabetic children and adolescents. What is more important, 24.8% of type 1 diabetic children and adolescents have thyroid autoimmunity – positive antithyroid peroxidase autoantibodies (Anti-TPO), 44% from which were found to be significantly high. Any sex predominance was not found in AIT and thyroid autoimmunity in general. In type 1 diabetics with associated thyroid autoimmunity autoantibody positivity precedes thyroid ultrasound changes and predisposes to the development of further hypothyroidism without any sex predominance. The number of cases of hypothyroidism is quite high in the group of diabetics with DM duration of 5 years. It is recommended that diabetics who have no TSH elevation and thyroid ultrasound changes, but who have increased Anti-TPO, should be formed as a group of high risk for further development of thyroid disorders, although TSH elevation showed having no influence on the compensation of diabetes. We fully recommend the patients to test the TSH and anti-TPO levels once a year, particularly after puberty and with DM duration over 5 years.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".