Kaposi’s Sarcoma of the Thyroid Gland in an HIV-Negative Woman
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a neoplastic disease that affects primarily the skin, but visceral involvement is not uncommon. Most of the cases are seen in AIDS patients and transplant recipients; however, rare HIV-negative cases have also been reported. Involvement of the thyroid is exceedingly rare, with only a fw cases reported, all of them associated with AIDS. CASE: A 45-year-old, black, Haitian woman presented with a slowly enlarging left side of the thyroid. Computed tomography showed multiple thyroid nodules, and there was no uptake of iodine on the nuclear scan. Fine needle aspiration of the lesion was performed. The smears were composed of spindle and plasmacytoid cells, which raised the possibility of medullary carcinoma. The patient underwent left hemithyroidectomy. Histologic examination showed KS in the thyroid. CONCLUSION: We present the first case of KS of the thyroid in a HIV-negative patient. Familiarity with the cytologic features can be useful in making the diagnosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".