Frequency dependence of elliptical particle motion of acoustic waves transmitted into the seabed from a point source in water
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When perpendicular components of the particle velocity of a continuous acoustic wave have unequal amplitude and phase, the displacement traces an elliptical path. This is caused by inhomogeneous waves and/or losses in the medium. For spherical waves radiating from a point source in water and transmitted into the seabed, the orientation of the elliptical orbit varies with receiver location and frequency, and the ellipse major axis is not always parallel to the direction of propagation suggested by Snell’s law. If not accounted for, this could bias estimates of sediment sound speed derived from particle velocity measurements. This presentation describes a simple orbit model based on numerical evaluation of integrals for the transmitted field over the entire wavenumber range. The model provides rapid simulation of results for different experimental geometries and source frequencies. The model is validated using an established full-field model and compared with experimental data. [Work supported in part by ONR Code 32.]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".