Effective transport rates and transport-induced melting and solidification in mushy layers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Mushy layers are known to occur in magma chambers, sea-ice, and metal castings. They are often modeled as a porous layer in which a fluid and solid matrix exist in thermal and compositional equilibria. In nonreactive porous media, both advective and diffusive transport rates for heat and solute differ. In mushy layers, however, the temperature and composition of the fluid phase are constrained by the liquidus relationship giving rise to effective transport rates that are intermediate between those for heat and solute in passive porous layers. The transport of heat and solute, even if the invading fluid is itself in equilibrium, is also accompanied by a degree of solidification or melting due to the difference in the transport rates for these two quantities. In this paper, analytical expressions for the effective velocity and diffusivity in a mushy layer and for the degree of melting or solidification accompanying the passage of a front with a different temperature and composition are derived and compared with the predictions of a numerical model and found to be in very good agreement. Characteristic parameters for a few mushy systems are calculated and appropriate transport and melting/freezing regimes are indicated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".