Spirituality Unplugged: A Review of Commonalities and Contentions, and a Resolution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Spirituality is an important and essential component of occupational therapy, but recent publications in occupational therapy literature also raise questions about the adequacy of the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists' definition of spirituality and the relationship of spirituality to occupational performance. Re-examination of spirituality and occupation is needed to better understand the role of occupational therapists with respect to spirituality. In this paper, the authors examine the common themes that are inherent in definitions of spirituality from diverse professional perspectives. The commonalities and contentions inherent in these definitions are then contrasted with the perspectives of occupational therapists. This discussion is followed by a challenge for re-examination of spirituality in the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance, and an argument that occupational identity rather than spirituality should have a central position. The implications of spirituality and occupational identity for evidence-based occupational therapy are considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.008 | 0.016 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".