Ionospheric and dynamical characteristics of the mesosphere‐lower thermosphere region over Platteville (40°N, 105°W) and comparisons with the region over Saskatoon (52°N, 107°W)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The newly installed medium frequency radar (MFR) at Platteville provides unique opportunities to assess latitudinal effects in both the ionosphere and mesosphere‐lower thermosphere (MLT) by comparisons with the long‐established MFR at Saskatoon. The influence of the D region “winter anomaly” is evident in both ionospheres, and descending “sporadic layers” (110–90 km) are identified, especially at 40°N, for the first time for MF radar systems. Preliminary comparisons with the wind measurements are made, and the processes are identified as complex. Contour plots of mean winds, tides (12‐ and 24‐hour), and planetary waves (PW) (2‐ and 16‐day) demonstrate significant trends over 12° of latitude (1100 km). The 24‐hour tide dominates at 40°N, the 12‐hour tide dominates at 52°N, and PW structures demonstrate spatial and temporal intermittency. The two radars are now part of a new network, Canada U.S. Japan Opportunity (CUJO), stretching from 81°W to 141°E.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".