Activation of the Interferon Pathway in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: DNA microarray analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were performed to identify key target genes in peripheral blood from patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS). METHODS: DNA microarray analysis was performed in 19 patients with SS (all women) and 10 healthy controls (5 men and 5 women) using a low-density DNA microarray system with 778 genes. For confirmation, the expression of upregulated genes was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR in another 37 SS patients (35 women and 2 men) and 9 healthy controls (8 women and 1 man). Relationships between gene signatures and various clinical measures, such as disease duration, symptoms and signs, complications, immunological findings, and salivary and lacrimal functions, were analyzed. RESULTS: Interferon-α (IFN-α)-inducible protein 27 (IFI27) showed the most significant difference between SS patients and controls in the microarray screening. We performed quantitative RT-PCR for IFI27. IFI27 gene expression level was increased in patients with SS compared with controls (p < 0.01) by real-time PCR, supporting our observations from the microarray data. The level of IFI27 was significantly correlated with serum IgG levels (r = 0.462, p < 0.01) and ß(2)-microglobulin (r = 0.385, p < 0.05), soluble interleukin 2 receptor (r = 0.473, p < 0.01), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.333, p < 0.05), and antinuclear antibody titer (speckled pattern; r = 0.445, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that upregulation of IFN-inducible genes in SS patients is a systemic phenomenon, and IFN may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SS. The expression level of IFI27 could be an effective and specific biomarker associated with SS.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".