Backfiring and nonannihilation collisions in the Belousov–Zhabotinsky medium
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper pattern formation and interactions in a spatially extended Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction medium are investigated numerically. Backfiring, nonannihilation collisions and reflections at nonflux boundaries have been observed in the vicinity of three types of bifurcations including supercritical and subcritical Hopf-bifurcations and the Canard bifurcation. In the vicinity of a supercritical Hopf-bifurcation, backfiring and collision-stable behavior do not appear until the system exhibits small amplitude oscillations. In complement to earlier investigations, this study illustrates that the collision-stable behavior also exists under the dynamics where the system has only one stable attractor. The influence of relative molecular diffusivities on the backfiring and nonannihilation collisions has been characterized over a broad range of bifurcation conditions, which shows that increasing the relative diffusivity of the activator favors the appearance of the above complex behavior. The transition from a supercritical Hopf-bifurcation to a Canard bifurcation has also been investigated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".