Geographic variation in prevalence and parasitemia of <i>Haemoproteus paruli </i>in the cerulean warbler (<i>Dendroica cerulea</i>)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although hostparasite interactions can affect the ecology and distribution of species, virtually nothing is known about range-wide variation in haematozoan levels in North American birds. We investigated haematozoan prevalence and parasitemia in 112 adult male cerulean warblers (Dendroica cerulea (Wilson, 1810)) in six populations throughout this species' breeding range. Thirty-six birds were infected with Haemoproteus paruli at low parasitemia (mean ± 1 SE, 6.18 ± 1.27 parasites/2000 erythrocytes). Prevalence did not differ between age classes, and there was no significant relationship between parasitism and body condition. However, prevalence and parasitemia were significantly higher in southern populations and further study is required to elucidate factors underlying regional differences in cerulean warbler haematozoan levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".