Coal reservoir saturation: Impact of temperature and pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Methane adsorption isotherms measured for a series of coals with varying rank at a wide range of temperatures and pressures allows the prediction of the change in sorption capacity as a function of tectonic history. Changes in sorption capacity in response to declining pressure and temperature associated with uplift may increase or decrease the capacity of the coal and, if the coal is initially saturated, result in excess gas or a deficiency of gas (undersaturation). Assuming reasonable geothermal and pressure gradients, our data indicate that the sorption capacity will generally decrease with uplift and associated exhumation, suggesting that an initially gas-saturated coal will desorb gas during uplift of the reservoir. The desorbed gas would be available for migration and/or, potentially, resaturation of an undersaturated coal. Our results argue against the generally accepted theory that undersaturation of coal reservoirs results from an increase in the sorption capacity with uplift except for coals at such high pressures that the isotherms are essentially flat or for very high pressure and geothermal gradients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".