Ponderomotive electron acceleration using surface plasmon waves excited with femtosecond laser pulses
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report on the ponderomotive acceleration of electrons using surface plasmon (SP) waves launched on Ag and Au films. High-energy electrons, up to 2 keV, are generated in the high spatial gradient of the SP field. Acceleration gradients of ∼8GeV∕m are produced using 30GW∕cm2, 800 nm amplified 30 fs laser pulses. Investigation of the photoemission characteristics of these metal films reveals a distinct transition between the multiphoton regime and a laser-induced field emission regime. Results of the experiment are in good agreement with those predicted with test particle code, which is based on finite-difference time-domain simulation and incorporates the Drude dielectric function and photoemission properties of the metallic films.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it