Using blood pressure telemetry to assess acute changes in arterial stiffness in rats after nitric oxide synthase inhibition or environmental tobacco smoke exposure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure has been reported to acutely increase arterial stiffness in humans, understanding of the underlying mechanisms is unclear and few studies have measured these effects in experimental animals. One potential mechanism for the increased arterial stiffness is reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity as a result of oxidative stress. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine whether acute changes in arterial stiffness could be detected using arterial pulse wave dP/dt in blood pressure telemetry implanted rats and to investigate the role of NO in regulating dP/dt. Intravenous injection of acetylcholine (0.91 ng/kg) decreased and norepinephrine (0.02 mg/kg) increased dP/dt compared to saline vehicle (0.5 mL/kg). Injection of the NO synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 30 mg/kg) decreased plasma nitrate/nitrite (NOx), but transiently increased dP/dt. ETS at low and high doses had no effect on dP/dt, but increased plasma NOx levels at high ETS exposure and increased plasma nitrotyrosine levels in both ETS groups. In conclusion, acute changes in NO production via acetylcholine or L-NAME alter the arterial pulse wave dP/dt consistently with the predicted changes in arterial stiffness. Although acute ETS appears to biologically inactivate NO, a concomitant increase in NO production at high ETS exposure may explain why dP/dt was not acutely altered by ETS in the current study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".