Audiometric thresholds measured with single and dual BAHA transducers: The effect of phase inversion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The bone-anchored-hearing-aid (BAHA) transduces airborne sound into skull vibration. Current bilateral BAHA configurations, for sounds directly facing listeners, will apply forces that are in-phase with each other and directed roughly towards the center of the head. Below approximately 1000 Hz the two cochleae respond in approximately the same direction and with approximately the same phase to each BAHA, thus it may be preferable to drive bilateral BAHAs such that when one pushes, the other pulls. This can be achieved by adjusting the relative phase offset of the BAHAs, and doing so results in greater vibration and improved hearing threshold. In this paper we compare performance of bilateral BAHAs driven in this configuration to the standard configuration. In twelve normal participants we show significant improvements in low-frequency (≤750 Hz) hearing thresholds using out-of-phase BAHAs. The threshold measurements are further supported by velocimetric measurements taken at the cochlear promontory in a cadaveric head. Comparing vibration arising from each configuration confirms that out-of-phase driving results in greater vibration. Neither dataset shows either improved or reduced threshold at high frequencies.SumarioLos auxiliares auditivos osteo-integrados (BAHA), convierten el sonido del aire, en vibración en el cráneo. Las configuraciones bilaterales actuales del BAHA, para sonidos que están directamente frente a los oyentes, aplican fuerzas que están en fase entre si y dirigidas alrededor del centro de la cabeza. Aproximadamente por debajo de 1000 Hz, las cócleas responden aproximadamente en la misma dirección y la misma fase en cada BAHA, por lo que es preferible el manejo de BAHAs bilaterales para que cuando uno empuja, el otro arrastre. Esto puede lograrse ajustando los controles de fase relativa de los BAHAs, que así resultan en mayor vibración y mejoría de umbrales auditivos. En este trabajo comparamos el desempeño de BAHAs bilaterales con esta configuración frente a la configuración estándar. En doce participantes normales mostramos mejorías significativas en umbrales auditivos de frecuencia baja (≤750 Hz) usando BAHAS fuera de fase. Las mediciones de umbrales son además apoyadas por mediciones velocimétricas tomadas en el promontorio coclear de la cabeza de un cadáver. Al comparar la vibración que surge de cada configuración, se confirma que los resultados obtenidos fuera de fase, resultan en una mayor vibración. Ninguno de los datos muestra mejoría o reducción de umbrales en las frecuencias agudas.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".