Expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha and its mRNA in the spinal cord following a weight-drop injury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) on the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) and its mRNA was examined. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay showed TNFalpha mRNA level increased > 20-fold at the lesion site by 1 h after the injury compared to that in uninjured controls. The TNFalpha mRNA level was still significantly higher than in the controls 72 h after the injury. TNFalpha mRNA in the samples collected immediately caudal to the lesion site was also increased. Levels of TNFalpha protein, determined by a cytotoxic bioassay, were also significantly increased at the lesion site. The TNFalpha protein level was maximal 1 and 8 h after the injury and still significantly higher than in the controls 24 h post-injury. The present results demonstrate that TNFalpha is rapidly induced in the spinal cord after the injury, and it may play a significant role in secondary events in SCI.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".