A VLSI Analog Computer/Digital Computer Accelerator
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The design of a single-chip VLSI analog computer fabricated in a 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS process is described. It contains 80 integrators, 336 other linear and nonlinear analog functional blocks, switches for their interconnection, and circuitry to enable the system's programing and control. The IC is controlled, programmed and measured by a PC via a data acquisition card. This arrangement has been used to simulate ordinary differential equations (ODEs), partial differential equations, and stochastic differential equations with moderate accuracy, significantly faster than a modern workstation. Techniques for using the digital computer to refine the solution from the analog computer are presented. Solutions from the analog computer have been used to accelerate a digital computer's solution of the periodic steady state of an ODE by more than 10/spl times/. The IC occupies 1 cm/sup 2/ and consumes 300 mW. An analysis has been done showing that the analog computer dissipates 0.02% to 1% of the energy of a general purpose digital microprocessor and about 2% to 20% of the energy of a digital signal processor, when solving the same differential equation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.035 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".