Overexpression of the glycolytic enzyme pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) in developing transgenic tobacco seed results in alterations in the onset and extent of storage lipid deposition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Microscopy and fatty acid analyses were used to characterize the storage lipids in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco) ovules demonstrating constitutive expression of a gene encoding pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) from the protist Giardia lamblia. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated significant differences in the size and number of lipid droplets in endosperm and embryo proper cells, regardless of the presence of the transgene; confocal fluorescence microscopy confirmed constitutive differences in lipid droplets of the endosperm and embryo tissues at maturity. Microscopy of developing tissues, however, showed that lipid droplets were deposited up to 48 h sooner in the transgenic embryo proper while deposition of endosperm lipids was unchanged. Cell counts of sectioned tissues confirmed that transgenic embryo growth was enhanced. Fatty acid analyses showed that fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) concentrations of stearic (18:0), linoleic (18:2), and linolenic (18:3) fatty acids were significantly higher in the larger, transgenic embryos, while those of palmitic (16:0) and oleic (18:1) were lower, suggesting that overexpression of PFP is responsible for altering both growth and development of young ovules. At maturity, palmitic and stearic FAMEs were significantly lower, but no other morphological or biochemical differences between the control and transgenic seeds could be measured.Key words: triacylglycerols, Nicotiana tabacum, transgenic, embryo development, storage lipids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".